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From portable throne to electric vehicle: Evolution of papal transportation

Pope Leo XIV greets crowds in St. Peter’s Square from the popemobile on Sunday, May 18, 2025. / Credit: Daniel Ibañez/CNA

ACI Prensa Staff, May 19, 2025 / 12:03 pm (CNA).

From a portable throne carried on the shoulders of attendants to state-of-the-art electric cars, the pope’s means of transportation have evolved considerably over time, reflecting changes in the Church, technology, and the world.

For centuries, pontiffs used the “sedia gestatoria” (Italian for “portable chair”), a type of ceremonial throne used for solemn events adorned with feathered fans and carried by men during solemn ceremonies. The last to use a gestatory chair was John Paul I.

The sedia gestatoria (portable chair) of Pope Pius VII (1800-1823). Credit: Jebulon, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons
The sedia gestatoria (portable chair) of Pope Pius VII (1800-1823). Credit: Jebulon, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons

For longer journeys, the popes used horse-drawn carriages.

The oldest recorded carriage, according to the Vatican Museums website, is the Grand Gala Berliner, built in 1826 for Pope Leo XII. This carriage was crowned by a canopy decorated with a dove, representing the Holy Spirit.

The Vatican Museums houses at least five more carriages in its Coach Pavilion, including the Pontifical Landau, which could be opened to allow the pope to greet the faithful during his tours. It was used by Leo XIII and Pius XI.

The “Gran Gala Berlin” (1826-1841) - a papal carriage used by Leo XII and Gregory XVI. Credit: Biser Todorov, CC BY 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
The “Gran Gala Berlin” (1826-1841) - a papal carriage used by Leo XII and Gregory XVI. Credit: Biser Todorov, CC BY 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons

The great epochal change came in 1929 with Pius XI, the first pontiff to use an automobile. That same year, after the signing of the Lateran Pacts — which gave rise to Vatican City State — the pope received as a gift an American Graham-Paige 837, whose interior seat resembles the Holy Father’s throne.

This was considered a historic vehicle, as it was the first to leave Vatican City since the fall of Rome in 1870. Years later, Pope Pius XII used the same car to personally travel to Rome’s San Lorenzo neighborhood after the American bombing of July 19, 1943.

In 1929, the pope received this American Graham-Paige 837 as a gift. Credit: Fabrizio Garrisi, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons
In 1929, the pope received this American Graham-Paige 837 as a gift. Credit: Fabrizio Garrisi, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons

In the following decades, papal vehicles continued to be modernized. In 1975, on the occasion of the jubilee, Paul VI commissioned an open-top car to greet the faithful in St. Peter’s Square.

This style was also adopted by John Paul II, during whose pontificate the term “popemobile” became popular. One of the most iconic was the Fiat Campagnola, in which the pope was shot during the 1981 assassination attempt. From then on, designs were outfitted with bulletproof glass and reinforced security.

Fiat "Campagnola" popemobile, the vehicle Pope John Paul II was using when he was the target of an assassination attempt on May 13, 1981. Credit: Livioandronico2013, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Fiat "Campagnola" popemobile, the vehicle Pope John Paul II was using when he was the target of an assassination attempt on May 13, 1981. Credit: Livioandronico2013, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons

The same style of automobiles continued with Pope Francis, except that he rejected armored cars for most of his trips involving large crowds of the faithful.

Toward the end of his pontificate, the use of electric cars was promoted, both for his personal transportation and for the Vatican’s vehicle fleet.

Pope Francis is shown the new popemobile, an electric Mercedes, on Dec. 4, 2024, at the Vatican. Credit: Vatican Media
Pope Francis is shown the new popemobile, an electric Mercedes, on Dec. 4, 2024, at the Vatican. Credit: Vatican Media

Donated vehicles 

Over time, the Vatican has also received vehicles as gifts, such as the Ferrari Enzo donated to the pope himself, who decided to auction it off and allocate the funds to the victims of the tsunami in Southeast Asia.

Similarly, in November 2017, Pope Francis received a white Lamborghini Huracán, which was auctioned six months later for $950,000. Part of this money was used to help with reconstruction in the Nineveh Plains of Iraq.

Pope Francis also requested that one of his vehicles be transformed by Caritas Jerusalem into a mobile medical unit to provide health care to children in the Gaza Strip.

This story was first published by ACI Prensa, CNA’s Spanish-language news partner. It has been translated and adapted by CNA.

Ohio Catholic Charities joins national pilot program to help moms out of poverty

null / Credit: KieferPix/Shutterstock

Washington, D.C. Newsroom, May 19, 2025 / 10:00 am (CNA).

Catholic Charities in Youngstown, Ohio, will join a new pilot study, Lifting Moms Out of Poverty (LMOP), a program developed by Catholic Charities USA, in a bid to offer aid to mothers with small children.

“The intent of the program from Catholic Charities USA is to evaluate the effectiveness of programs that support young families with kiddos under 3 years of age,” Rick Squier, the executive director of the Catholic Charities serving Portage and Stark counties, told CNA.

“I’m excited that we have the opportunity to do this,” Squier said. “We’re going to be able to quantify the results of the program and say that when we do our financial literacy program with young families over the course of 18 months, they see dramatic increases in their ability to overcome when life happens.” 

“And then we have the opportunity to go out and write grants” based on the successful results, he said.

The pilot program will run for 18 months and will monitor the status of at least 20 families. Each family will take three surveys over the course of the year and a half with the goal of determining improvement in financial literacy, emotional perspective, and parenting skills. 

The agency serving Portage and Stark counties is currently monitoring 38 families and is using a combination of internal funds along with a $75,000 grant from Catholic Charities USA. 

According to Squier, 100% of these funds go toward the direct support of the families in the form of rent and utilities, transportation, education, or other similar core costs. 

Squier said the pilot program will be adapted to existing ones. First Step for Families, which already serves families in Portage and Stark counties, will benefit from the program. 

“What we did is take this program that already exists and add a little bit more client management into it … with our case workers,” he explained. 

“Now, they’re just spending a little bit more time and effort in connecting with the families and really working with them on the financial portion, the parenting portion, and seeing what we can do to alleviate the barriers that exist in their situation to get them ahead and get them to be more resilient.” 

At the end of the pilot program, The Catholic University of America will evaluate the results in order to formulate recommendations to send to Catholic Charities agencies in other dioceses. 

Ultimately, Squier said he hopes the pilot program will “really enable us to see what works best, so that we can provide support … lifting moms out of poverty.”

Cardinal Parolin: Pope Leo XIV calls for diplomacy of encounter

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Pope Leo XIV meets U.S. Vice President JD Vance, Secretary of State Marco Rubio

U.S. Vice President JD Vance and Secretary of State Marco Rubio, seated in places of honor usually reserved for heads of state, meet with Pope Leo XIV in the papal library on May 19, 2025. / Credit: Vatican Media

Vatican City, May 19, 2025 / 06:52 am (CNA).

Pope Leo XIV held a private meeting with U.S. Vice President JD Vance and U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio in the papal library on Monday morning.

Details of the meeting were not released, but the Americans later spoke with a top Vatican diplomat about U.S. and international issues.

The 45-minute papal audience began with a one-on-one between Vance and the pope, with Rubio joining afterward. Second Lady Usha Vance; Rubio’s wife, Jeanette Dousdebes Rubio; and the larger U.S. delegation joined for the final part of the meeting, which included the customary exchange of gifts.

In a photo of the encounter released by the Vatican, Vance appears to have given the pontiff a Chicago Bears jersey with “Pope Leo XIV” printed on the back.

Other photos show Vance and Rubio smiling, seated in places of honor across the papal desk from Leo, a position usually reserved for heads of state.

A Vatican spokesperson did not immediately reply to a request for comment on the seating arrangement.

U.S. Vice President JD Vance and Second Lady Usha Vance show Pope Leo XIV the gifts they brought, including a Chicago Bears jersey with "Pope Leo XIV" printed on the back, during a private audience in the papal library on May 19, 2025. Credit: Vatican Media
U.S. Vice President JD Vance and Second Lady Usha Vance show Pope Leo XIV the gifts they brought, including a Chicago Bears jersey with "Pope Leo XIV" printed on the back, during a private audience in the papal library on May 19, 2025. Credit: Vatican Media

Following the papal audience, Vance and Rubio met with Secretary for Relations with States Archbishop Paul Gallagher, Rubio’s Vatican counterpart. They discussed collaboration between Church and state and issues relevant to ecclesial life and religious freedom, according to the Vatican.

The brief communication on the meeting from the Vatican also appeared to reference disagreements — “an exchange of views” — between the Vatican and the U.S. administration on “some current international issues.”

During the meeting, there was a call for “respect for humanitarian law and international law in areas of conflict and for a negotiated solution between the parties involved,” the Vatican’s statement said.

In the 10 days since his election May 8, Leo has appeared to take a more pro-Ukraine line in the Russia-Ukraine conflict than his immediate predecessor, first by speaking to Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy by phone in the first hours of his papacy, then meeting the leader for a private audience the same day of his inaugural Mass.

Leo also called for negotiations for a “just and lasting peace” in Ukraine in his first two Regina Caeli messages on May 11 and 18, and one of his early audiences was with the head of the Greek Ukrainian Catholic Church, Archbishop Sviatoslav Shevchuk.

As a bishop in Peru in 2022, then-Bishop Prevost also made explicit reference to Russia’s invasion, calling it “imperialist in nature,” while Francis avoided such language in his peace appeals and had even called for Ukraine to raise the white flag.

On the conflict in Gaza, Leo, like Francis, has called for ceasefire and the return of Israeli hostages.

Vance, Rubio, and Zelenskyy also met together in Rome, after they both attended Pope Leo’s inaugural Mass on May 18.

According to a post on X from Vance’s office, the leaders discussed “updates on the ongoing negotiations for a ceasefire and lasting peace.”

Zelenskyy called the encounter a “good meeting” in his own post on X and said he “reaffirmed that Ukraine is ready to be engaged in real diplomacy.”

The Ukrainian president also said he spoke about the need for pressure and sanctions against Russia as well as “defense cooperation.”

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At Vatican, Vance meets pope, discusses peace, religious freedom

After attending Pope Leo XIV’s installation Mass, US Vice President JD Vance Monday had private meetings with the pontiff and other top-ranking officials, with key themes being religious freedom and the need for negotiation in conflict areas.